一、在考研英语阅读理解题中,选项中含有表述否定的关键词,该选项往往不是答案(如no longer、little、cannot)。下面以真题为例,为大家展示。
例1,阅读真题2009年Text3第35题
According to the last paragraph, development of education
[A].results directly from competitive environments
[B].does not depend on economic performance
[C].follows improved productivity
[D].cannot afford political changes
[解析]:此题中,D项含有cannot,排除D。(此题答案是C)
例2,阅读真题2009年Text1第25题
25.Ryan’s comments suggest that the practice of standard testing?
[A].prevents new habits form being formed
[B].no longer emphasizes commonness
[C].maintains the inherent American thinking model
[D].complies with the American belief system
[解析]:此题中,B项含有no longer,排除B。(此题答案是A)
二、在阅读理解中,选项中含有表述“忽视,忽略”的关键词,选项往往不是答案(如neglect/negligence、ignore)。
例:阅读真题2013年Text1第24题
24.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?
[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists
[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability
[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments
[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing
[解析]:选项B中含ignore,B是错误选项,排除B。(此题答案是D)
三、理解的作者态度题中:
(1)如果选项表述悲观(pessimistic、gloomy)、恐惧(scared)、蔑视/嘲笑(contempt、scornful)、绝望(desperate)、批评(critical)、有害(harmful、destructive)、自以为是(conceited)等,往往不是答案。
(2)如果选项表述困惑(confused、puzzled)、漠不关心(indifference/indifferent)、不确定(uncertain)等,不是答案。因为作者必须表明一个明确的态度,不能模棱两可。
(3)如果选项表述偏见(biased),往往不是答案。
(4)如果选项表述支持(supportive)、欣赏(appreciation)、满意(satisfaction)、肯定(positive)等,往往不是答案。
(5)如果选项表述怀疑(skeptical/doubtful/questionable)、乐观(optimistic)、同情(sympathy)等,通常是答案。
四、在阅读理解中,若选项含表述“拒绝”的关键词,则该选项往往不是答案(如resist/resistant、deny、reject、refuse)。
例:阅读真题2013年Text1第22题
22.According to Cline, mass-market labels urge consumers to
[A] combat unnecessary waste
[B] shut out the feverish fashion world
[C] resist the influence of advertisements
[D] shop for their garments more frequently
[解析]:选项C中含resist,C是错误选项,排除C。(此题答案是D)
五、在阅读理解题中,若选项含against,通常是错误选项。
特别是,若选项还含有against表述的对象,则该选项更应断定为错误选项。理由是,against表述的是带有明确性的否定意思,而若选项表述过于明确(或者有绝对化倾向),往往是错误选项。
例:2012年第39题(正确答案:C)
39.The example of the unions in Wisconsin shows that unions
[A].often run against the current political system
[B].can change people’s political attitudes
[C].may be a barrier to public-sector reforms
[D].are dominant in the government
[解析]:此题中,选项A含against,A是错误选项,排除之。其中the current political system是against表述的对象。
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