教育公平是社会公平的重要基础，促进教育公平是国家基本教育政策。党和国家高度重视家庭经济困难学生上学问题，近些年中央有关部门密集出台相关资助政策措施，已建立起覆盖学前教育至研究生教育的学生资助政策体系，从制度上保障不让一个学生因家庭经济困难而失学。
Educationalequitymatters because it is an important basis for social equality, and the basic education policy in China is to ensure greater equity in education for all. The Chinese government is committed to increasing the affordability and availability of education for low-income students. And competent authorities over recent years have introduced a series of financial aid policies and put into place a financial aid system that runs from preschool education to graduate education, to institutionally ensure the affordability of education for low-income students.
研究生教育阶段：国家奖助学金、“三助”岗位津贴、国家助学贷款、学费补偿贷款代偿等多种方式并举
2Graduate students have access to national scholarships and grants, on-campus part-time job allowances, national student loans, and tuition and loan compensation programs.
1.国家奖学金。研究生国家奖学金用于奖励特别优秀的研究生。每年奖励4.5万名，其中硕士生3.5万名、每生每年2万元，博士生1万名、每生每年3万元。
2.1 National Scholarships
National scholarships are awarded to graduate students with a record of strong academic achievement. They are offered to 35,000 master's degree students - RMB 20,000 each per year, and 10,000 doctoral students - RMB 30,000 each per year.
2.学业奖学金。为激励研究生勤奋学习、潜心科研、勇于创新、积极进取而设立的奖学金。中央高校根据研究生收费标准、学业成绩、科研成果、社会服务以及家庭经济状况等因素，确定研究生学业奖学金的覆盖面、等级、奖励标准和评定办法(可分档设定奖励标准)。研究生学业奖学金标准不得超过同阶段研究生国家奖学金标准的60%。地方高校研究生学业奖学金政策由各地参照中央政策制定执行。
2.2 Academic Excellence Scholarships
Academic Excellence Scholarshipsare designed to boostgraduate students’ commitment to academic research, innovation and excellence. In universities directly administered by ministries, the coverage, size and implementation of the scholarships are determined by a wide range of criteria, including tuition fees, academic achievement, research performance, community services and financial background of the candidates. The amount of scholarships can reach up to 60% of national scholarships for graduates. The scholarships in local universities are implemented in accordance with policies of the central government.
3.国家助学金。用于资助全国普通高等学校纳入全国研究生招生计划的所有全日制研究生(有固定工资收入的除外)的基本生活支出。硕士研究生资助标准不低于每生每年6000元，博士研究生资助标准不低于每生每年10000元。
2.3 National Grants
National grants are offered to full-time graduate students (exepct those formally employed) to help them pay college living expenses. Each eligible graduate student will receive no less than RMB 6,000, and each eligible doctoral student no less than RMB 10,000 per year.
4.“三助”岗位津贴。高等学校利用教育拨款、科研经费、学费收入、社会捐助等资金，设置研究生“三助”(助研、助教、助管)岗位，并提供“三助”津贴。原则上，助研津贴主要通过科研项目经费中的劳务费及科研间接费列支，助教津贴和助管津贴所需资金由高等学校承担。研究生“三助”津贴标准由高校依据国家有关规定，结合当地物价水平等因素合理确定。
2.4 On-Campus Part-Time Job Allowances
The allowance scheme is funded by educational appropriations, research revenue, tuition fees of the university, as well as public donations. It is available to students who work as research assistants, teaching assistants and administrative assistants on campus. In principle allowances for research assistants are offered as labor costs and indirect research spending, and those for teaching assistants and administrative assistants are borne by the university. The amount of allowances is determined by the university in accordance with national regulations and local price levels.
5.国家助学贷款。研究生申请国家助学贷款的条件、程序及其他有关规定，与高校本专科生国家助学贷款基本相同。原则上，研究生助学贷款以校园地国家助学贷款为主，每学年每生贷款金额不超过12000元。
2.5 National Student Loans
National student loans for graduate students are offered in the same manner as those for undergraduates and junior college students. In principle the loans are university-based, and each eligible student can borrow no more than RMB 12,000 per year.
6.基层就业学费补偿贷款代偿。应届毕业研究生赴基层就业申请学费补偿贷款代偿的条件、程序及相关规定，与本专科毕业生基本相同。研究生补偿代偿金额每生每年不高于12000元。
2.6 Tuition and Loan Compensation for Community Workers
The compensation program is operated in the same manner as that for undergraduates and junior college students. Each eligible student will receive up to RMB 12,000 per year in compensated tuition and loan.
7.应征入伍服义务兵役学费补偿贷款代偿及学费减免。研究生应征入伍服义务兵役申请学费补偿贷款代偿及学费减免的条件、程序及相关规定，与本专科生基本相同。研究生补偿代偿或学费减免金额每生每年不高于12000元。
2.7 Tuition and Loan Compensation& Tuition Reduction for Enlisted Soldiers
The programs is run in the same manner as that for undergraduates and junior college students. Each eligible student will receive up to RMB 12,000 per year in compensated loans or reduced tuition fees.
8.直招士官学费补偿贷款代偿。对直接招收为士官的研究生，其申请学费补偿贷款代偿的条件、程序及相关规定，与本专科生基本相同。研究生补偿代偿金额每生每年不高于12000元。
2.8 Tuition and Loan Compensation for Junior Military Officers
The compensation scheme is operated in the same manner as that for undergraduates and junior college students. Each eligible student will receive up to RMB 12,000 per year in compensated tuition fees and loans.
9.退役士兵教育资助。对退役一年以上、考入普通高等学校并纳入全国全日制研究生招生计划的自主就业退役士兵，给予教育资助。资助内容与本专科生基本相同。学费资助标准每学年每生最高不超过12000元。
2.9 Education Grants for Retired Soldiers
The grantsare available to self-employed soldiers who have retired from active service for at least one year and been admitted as full-time college students under master’s degree programs. The grants are provided in the same manner as those for undergraduates and junior college students, and each eligible students will receive up to RMB 12,000 per year in tuition grants.
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